Individual Listing

2109 BIOLOGICAL SCI
University of California
Riverside, CA 92521

Eastmond, David A

Chair, Cell Biology & Neuroscience
Professor of Cell Biology & Toxicologist

College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences

Cell Biology & Neuroscience


Biography

Research Specialization - Research in my laboratory focuses on the mechanisms involved in the toxicity and carcinogenesis of environmental and agricultural chemicals. One important goal of this research is to provide information allowing the potential adverse health effects associated with chemical exposure in human populations to be more accurately estimated. Investigations are performed using a variety of chemical, biochemical and molecular approaches with isolated enzyme, cell culture and animal model systems. Currently investigations are underway to study the metabolism and chromosome-damaging effects of several cancer-causing agents including benzene, a widely used industrial chemical and environmental pollutant, ortho-phenylphenol, an extensively used fungicide and disinfectant and N-nitrosodimethylamine, a component of mainstream and environmental tobacco smoke. In addition, we have an active research program which uses molecular cytogenetic techniques to detect chromosomal alterations occurring in chemically exposed human populations. These human biomonitoring approaches should allow the early detection of genotoxic effects and allow treatment or intervention strategies to be implemented. Studies are currently underway applying fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosome-specific DNA probes and related immunochemical techniques to detect chromosomal changes occurring in cells isolated from the blood, semen, bladder and/or mouth of humans involved in cigarette smoking, benzene manufacture or employed spraying pesticides.

Former Institution

 University of California, Berkeley

Degrees

B.S. Zoology 1980

Brigham Young University

M.S. Entomology 1983

Brigham Young University

Ph.D. Environmental Health Sciences 1987

University of California, Berkeley

Awards

President-Elect for Environmental Mutagen Society (2002-Present)
Selected for Inclusion in American Men and Women of Science, 1995 Edition
Selected for Inclusion in Who's Who in the West, 1995 Edition


Research Area

Research in the Eastmond laboratory focuses on the mechanisms involved in the toxicity and carcinogenesis of environmental and agricultural chemicals. One important goal of this research is to provide information allowing the potential adverse health effects associated with chemical exposure in human populations to be more accurately estimated. Investigations are performed using a variety of chemical, biochemical and molecular approaches with isolated enzyme, cell culture and animal model systems. Currently investigations are underway to study the metabolism and chromosome-damaging effects of several cancer-causing agents including benzene, a widely used industrial chemical and environmental pollutant and ortho-phenylphenol, an extensively used fungicide and disinfectant. Additional mechanistic studies are being conducted to understand the clastogenic and aneuploidy-inducing effects of topoisomerase inhibitors and potential spindle disrupting agents. In addition, we have an active research program in which molecular cytogenetic techniques are used to detect chromosomal alterations occurring in chemically exposed human populations. These human biomonitoring approaches should allow the early detection of genotoxic effects and allow treatment or intervention strategies to be implemented. Studies are currently underway applying fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosome-specific DNA probes and related immunochemical techniques to detect chromosomal changes occurring in cells isolated from the blood, semen or mouth of humans using tobacco products, exposed occupationally to benzene or employed spraying pesticides.

Publications

Olaharski AJ, Sotelo R, Solorza-Luna G, Gonsebatt ME, Guzman P, Mohar A, Eastmond DA (2006) Tetraploidy and chromosomal instability are early events during cervical carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 27:337-343.
Balakrishnan, S. and Eastmond, D.A. (2006) Micronuclei and cell proliferation as early biological markers of ortho-phenylphenol-induced changes in the bladder of male F344 rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology 44:1340-1347.
Wang L, Roy SK, Eastmond DA (2007) Differential cell cycle-specificity for chromosomal damage induced by merbarone and etoposide in V79 cells. Mutation Research – Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 616:70-82.
Eastmond DA (2008) Evaluating genotoxicity data to identify a mode of action and its application in estimating cancer risk at low doses: A case study involving carbon tetrachloride, Environmental Mol Mutagen 49:132-41.
Zhang L, Steinmaus C, Eastmond DA, Xin XK, Smith MT (2009) Formaldehyde exposure and leukemia: A new meta-analysis and potential mechanisms, Mutation Research – Reviews 681:150-168.
Guyton KZ, Kyle AD, Aubrecht J, Cogliano VJ. Eastmond DA, Jackson M, Keshava N, Sandy MS, Sonawane B, Zhang L, Waters MD, Smith MT (2009) Improving prediction of chemical carcinogenicity by considering multiple mechanisms and applying toxicogenomic approaches, Mutation Research – Reviews 681:230-240.
Eastmond DA, Hartwig, A, Anderson D, Anwar W, Cimino MC, Dobrev I, Douglas GR, Nohmi T, Phillips DH, Vickers C (2009) Mutagenicity testing for chemical risk assessment: Update of the WHO/IPCS harmonized scheme, Mutagenesis 24:341-349.

Eastmond, D.A. and Balakrishnan, S. (2009) Genotoxicity of Pesticides, in: Hayes’ Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology, 3rd Ed. (R. Krieger, ed.), Elsevier, (in press).